Process for manufacturing oils soluble in water.



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Soluble in Water, ofwhich the following is a s ecification; v hisinvention relates to a process for-the manufacture of oils soluble inwater, consist ing .in treating those fractions of ydrocarbons of a. big

ture until, on the product being allowed to settle, there is producedover a dark layer chiefly consisting of acid tar and sulfonic acids, anupper layer of oil which can be made into an emulsion with water' in anydesired 'proportiom, v a

The treatment of hydrocarbons for a the purpose of for an oil productsoluble a 1n water, is prefers. lycarried out with sul furic acidcontainin anhydrid or-with sulfurous acid; in sac case the temperaturesof treatment of aboutl 10 G. has been found to be the most suitable; vThe temperatures oftreatment however can i be varied, 'alithoughpractically 0 within comparativelynarrow limlts', "T ween about 100 and130, as below the first temperature an unsatisfactory reaction of thehydrocarbons takes place and above .the highest tem erature mentioned,there is an excessive oss by destructive oxidation. Forproperlycarcomparatively lar e f 5.

I stance in the followin rying out the process, it is necessary to usequantities of'acid, for instance 200% o e quantity ofoil; The processcan be carried out for inmanner: A. Process with sul a mineral oildistillate are mixed with m sulfuric acid containing 15- sulfuric acid,in combination with a eating and a cooling coil, the temperature of themixture is brought to, or held at -110?. After-about half an hoursstirring the mix ture is allowed to stand until as com lete as possiblese aration of the upper 01 layer.

which can now formed into an emuls on with water, from a thick bottomlayer consisting of sulfonic acid and acid tar has taken place. Thisstate is generally reached in about five hours. The acid tar is. thendischarged from the vessel, so that oilalone hydro-carbons, especiall icacid: 100 kg. of

success roa mm a oms serum: in mm rmaadeaaaim.

remains therein.- Thus about '60 kg; of oil that can be formed into anemulsion, are obtained. As the acid tar 'still-containscoil soluble inwater, it is advisable to press it out, whereby the yield is increasedby another 10 kg. The oilproduct soluble in water contains at firstconsiderable quantities of mechanically bound sulfurous acid whlch canbe removed b well known methods, for instance by or inary stirring andallowing to settle.

B. Process with sulfurous acid: 'In a laboratory experiment, 500 gr. ofa mineral oil distillate mixed .with about 5% of water, wereheated in abottle or vessel up to about 115. Into the oil in question sulfurousacid generated in a Kipp apparatus was introduced. At the same time acurrent of air ha flan-hours reaction, a dark mass consisting of acidtar and sulfonic acid, separated from the oil. The supply of sulfurousacid and air was then stopped, the mass left to stand and treatedas'described under" A.

The process can be ofcourse carriedoutalso-with liquid sulfurous acid.

'Hydroca'rbons soluble in "water and ob-' tained in the mannerdescribed, can be given a-greater viscosity by char them with 'alkalisthat is to say with a alis proper f or with alkaline earths. To thatend, hydrocarbonsor'oilS soluble in water, are preferablytreatedwith'hydroxids or carbonates of alkaline metals or metals of thealkaline earths, and the water separated or carbonic acid and water, areremoved. For. instance each 100 of hydrocarbons soluble inwater and otained by thetreatment with acid at an increased temperature, areradually mixed with 9 kg. of 12% soda ye by stirrin tion 0? the lye, theincrease of consistency will be noticed, which however disappears againwhen the heating is increased The 100 heating, -for instance up to C1,is continned until the water is com letely e" elled. The final product,compare to the ydrocarbon soluble in water and used as the raw material,represents a bright light-colored105 oil of great viscosityrwhi'ch canbe mixed g with water in any proportion and produces with it absolutelyneutral mixtures. I 4 Solubility in water of he product obtained by theprocess described, is based on so I as I

at a gentle heat. During the addiparticularly sulfuric acid, duringordinary oil refining, and which also are capable of forming emulsions,must be carefully separated from the hydrocarbons whichgcan be formedintdemulsions with water.

acidsf inthe claims, is intended such sulfur acids as are oxidizing intheir action upon such hydrocarbons as herein described, and 1 arecapahle'of forming sulfonic acids by treatment at high temperature with"the hydrocarbons.

What I claim is 1. A process for manufacturing oils emnlhydrocarbonwith. oxidizing mineral acids containing fuming sulfuric acidto a hightemperature in such quantities that for a one-half per cent. by weightof sulfur trioxid in sulfuric acid is employed and continuing with suchheating until, after settling, products of the reaction separate in twolayers, an upper layer emnlsifiable with water, and a lower layer, andrecovering the upper layer.

2. A process for manufacturing oils emulsifiable with water comprisingheating a hydrocarbon with not less than one-half its weight of fumingsulfuric acid to a high temperature in such qnantities that for a givenweight of oil not less than two and a per cent. by weight of sulfur tri-'cacid is employed,

one-half oxid in and continuingthe heating until reaction productsseparate after settling, into an upper 'layer emulsifiable with water,and a lower layer, removing the lower layer, and treating the upperlayer with an alkali.

3. A process for manufacturing oils emulsifiahle with water comprisingheating a hydrocarbon with about double its weight a of fuming sulfuricacid for a considerable time to a temperature of about 100 to 130:centigrade, allowing the reaction products .Byjth termsulfur-containing mineral to settle and separate into two layers, the

upper layer forming the emulsifiable oil,

and a lower layer.

4. A process for manufacturing OllS emulsifiable with water comprisingheating a 3 hydrocarbon with not less than one-half ts weight of asulfur-containing mineral acid to a high temperature, and continuing theheating until reaction products so arate after settling, into an upperlayer whic will a form an emulsion with water, and a lower layer,removing said lower layer, and treat mg the upper layer with aneutralizing subgiven weight of oil, not less than two and a stance.

5. A process formanufacturing oils emulsifiable with water comprisingheating a hydrocarbon with not less than one-half its weight vof asulfur-containing mineral acid to'a high temperature, and continuing theheating until reaction 'products separate after settling into an upperlayer which will form an emulsion with water and a lower a layer, andrecovering the upper layer.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' LEON HIRSCHBERG.

mtnesses HENRY Hasrnn,

